Material Safety Data Sheet
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FISHER SCIENTIFIC EMERGENCY NUMBER: (201) 796-7100
CHEMICAL DIVISION CHEMTREC ASSISTANCE: (800) 424-9300
1 REAGENT LANEFAIR LAWN NJ 07410
(201) 796-7100
THE INFORMATION BELOW IS BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE AND REPRESENTS
THE
BESTINFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO US. HOWEVER, WE MAKE NO
WARRANTY
OF MERCHANT ABILITY OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH
RESPECT TO SUCH INFORMATION, AND WE ASSUME NO LIABILITY RESULTING
FROM
ITS USE. USERS SHOULD MAKE THEIR OWN INVESTIGATIONS TO DETERMINE
THE
SUITABILITY OF THEINFORMATION FOR THEIR PARTICULAR PURPOSES.
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SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION
CAS-NUMBER 7726-95-6
SUBSTANCE: **BROMINE**
TRADE NAMES/SYNONYMS:
UN 1744; B-385; ACC03340
CHEMICAL FAMILY:
Halogen
MOLECULAR FORMULA: BR2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 160
CERCLA RATINGS (SCALE 0-3): HEALTH=3 FIRE=0 REACTIVITY=0
PERSISTENCE=0
NFPA RATINGS (SCALE 0-4): HEALTH=3 FIRE=0 REACTIVITY=0
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COMPONENTS AND CONTAMINANTS
COMPONENT: BROMINE PERCENT: 100
CAS# 7726-95-6
OTHER CONTAMINANTS: NONE
EXPOSURE LIMITS:
BROMINE:
0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) OSHA TWA; 0.3 ppm (2 mg/m3) OSHA STEL
0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) ACGIH TWA; 0.3 ppm (2 mg/m3) ACGIH STEL
(Notice of Intended Changes 1993-94)
0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) NIOSH recommended TWA;
0.3 ppm (2 mg/m3) NIOSH recommended STEL
0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) DFG MAK TWA;
0.2 ppm (1.4 mg/m3) DFG MAK 5 minute peak, momentary value, 8 times/shift
Measurement method: Bubbler; none; ion chromatography; (OSHA # ID108).
500 pounds SARA Section 302 Threshold Planning Quantity
1 pound SARA Section 304 Reportable Quantity
1500 pounds OSHA Process Safety Management Threshold Quantity
**OSHA revoked the final rule limits of January 19, 1989 in response to the
11th Circuit Court of Appeals decision (AFL-CIO v. OSHA) effective
June 30, 1993. See 29 CFR 1910.1000 (58 FR 35338)**
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PHYSICAL DATA
DESCRIPTION: Heavy red-brown liquid with a pungent odor.
BOILING POINT: 138 F (59 C) MELTING POINT: 19 F (-7 C)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 3.11 VAPOR PRESSURE: 175 mmHg @ 20 C
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: 3.5% ODOR THRESHOLD: 0.05 ppm VAPOR DENSITY: 5.5
SOLVENT SOLUBILITY: Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, CCl4, carbon
disulfide.
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FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD:
Negligible fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
Oxidizer: Oxidizers decompose, especially when heated, to yield oxygen or
other gases which will increase the burning rate of combustible matter.
Contact with easily oxidizable, organic, or other combustible materials
may result in ignition, violent combustion or explosion.
FIREFIGHTING MEDIA:
Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or regular foam
(1990 Emergency Response Guidebook, DOT P 5800.5).
For larger fires, use water spray, fog or regular foam
(1990 Emergency Response Guidebook, DOT P 5800.5).
FIREFIGHTING:
Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Apply cooling
water to sides of containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire
is out. Stay away from ends of tanks (1990 Emergency Response Guidebook,
DOT P 5800.5, Guide Page 59).
Use agents suitable for type of fire; use water in flooding amounts as fog.
Cool containers with flooding amounts of water, apply from as far a distance
as possible. Avoid breathing poisonous and corrosive vapors, keep upwind.
Evacuate to a radius of 2500 feet for leaks.
Fire fighting phases: Use large amounts of water to cool containers and wash
away spills. Hypo solution (sodium thio sulfate) or lime water should be
poured over small liquid spills. Anhydrous ammonia vapor released from a safe
distance can be used to neutralize large quantities of bromine vapor. Avoid
aqueous ammonia as it might react violently with liquid bromine (NFPA 49,
Hazardous Chemicals Data, 1975).
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TRANSPORTATION DATA
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SHIPPING NAME-ID NUMBER, 49 CFR
172.101:
Bromine-UN 1744
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION HAZARD CLASS OR DIVISION, 49 CFR
172.101:
8 - Corrosive material
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PACKING GROUP, 49 CFR 172.101:
PG I
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LABELING REQUIREMENTS, 49 CFR
172.101
AND SUBPART E:
Corrosive, poison
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PACKAGING AUTHORIZATIONS:
EXCEPTIONS: None
NON-BULK PACKAGING: 49 CFR 173.226
BULK PACKAGING: 49 CFR 173.244
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION QUANTITY LIMITATIONS 49 CFR 172.101:
PASSENGER AIRCRAFT OR RAILCAR: Forbidden
CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY: 2.5 L
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TOXICITY
BROMINE:
TOXICITY DATA: 1000 ppm inhalation-human LCLo; 750 ppm/9 minutes
inhalation-mouse LC50; 2700 mg/m3 inhalation-rat LC50; 180 ppm/6.5 hours
inhalation-rabbit LCLo; 14 mg/kg oral-human LDLo; 2600 mg/kg oral-rat LD50;
3100 mg/kg oral-mouse LD50; 4160 mg/kg oral-rabbit LD50; 5500 mg/kg
oral-guinea pig LD50.
CARCINOGEN STATUS: None.
LOCAL EFFECTS: Corrosive- inhalation, skin, and eyes; lacrimator.
ACUTE TOXICITY LEVEL: Toxic by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion.
TARGET EFFECTS: Poisoning may affect the the heart, respiratory and central
nervous systems.
AT INCREASED RISK FROM EXPOSURE: Persons with pulmonary and respiratory
disorders.
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HEALTH EFFECTS AND FIRST AID
INHALATION:
BROMINE:
CORROSIVE/TOXIC. 10 ppm Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health.
ACUTE EXPOSURE- Exposure to 1 ppm may cause irritation. 3.5 ppm has a
detectable odor; 10 ppm is severely irritation and may be intolerable:
40-60 ppm is dangerous for brief exposures; 1000 ppm is rapidly fatal.
Inhalation of small amounts may cause copious mucous secretion,
blephritis, coughing, rhinitis or nosebleeds, feelings of oppresion.
Epistaxis, vertigo, and headache. Delayed symptoms may include nausea,
diarrhea and abdominal pains. In addition, respiratory difficulty with
hoarseness, asthma, dyspnea, and crepitations in the lungs as well as
as well as generalized vesicular, morbilliform or measles like rashes may
occur. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause inflammatory lesions of
the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, fatal chemical burns
respiratory failure. The tongue and palate may appear inflamed and
edematous with a characteristic odor of the breath. Glottal spasms and
asthmatic bronchitits may occur. Pulmonary edema, pneumonitis or
pneumonia may be delayed for several hours. A case of pneumomediastinum
induced by accidental occupational exposure was reported. The pathology
of animals exposed to 300 ppm for 3 hours showed pulmonary edema,
pseudomembranous deposit on the trachea and bronchi, and hemorrhages of
the gastric mucosa. Functional disturbances of the central nervous system
were observed in animals that died several days after exposure.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Prolonged or repeated exposure to concentrations less than
0.1 mg/m3 may cause headache, chest pains, anorexia, indigestion,
irritability and joint pains. Persons exposed to excessive concentrations
for 1 year complain of headache, pain in the region of the heart,
increasing irritability, loss of appetite, joint pains and dyspepsia.
After 5-6 years of exposure to this level there may be loss of corneal
reflexes, pharyngitis, vegetative disorders, thyroid hyperplasia
accompanied by thyroid dysfunction and bone marrow depression.
Cardiovascular disorders may occur in the form of myocardial degeneration
and hypotension. Functional and secretory disorders of the digestive
tract may also occur. Hematologic effects may include inhibition of
leukopoiesis, leukocytosis, moderate hypoglycemia or altered blood sugar
curves, hypercholesterolemia, reduction of total bilirubin, decreased
hemoglobin concentration and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rates.
Bromine may be deposited in the tissues as bromides and accumulate to
cause central nervous system disorders and effects of bromism as detailed
in chronic ingestion.
FIRST AID- Remove from exposure area to fresh air immediately. If breathing
has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep person warm and at rest.
Treat symptomatically and supportively. Get medical attention immediately.
SKIN CONTACT:
BROMINE:
CORROSIVE.
ACUTE EXPOSURE- Concentrated vapors may be irritating or harmful.
Direct contact with the liquid may cause a mild, cooling sensation
followed by a burning sensation. If not removed promptly redness and
pain may result with brown discoloration, vesicles, blisters, discharging
pustules, furuncles, destructive burns and deep-seated ulcers which are
slow to heal and scar. Death may occur if burns cover a large portion of
the body.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Prolonged or repeated contact may cause dermatitis and
slow healing ulcers.
FIRST AID- Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. Wash affected
area with soap or mild detergent and large amounts of water until no
evidence of chemical remains (at least 15-20 minutes). In case of chemical
burns, cover area with sterile, dry dressing. Bandage securely, but not
too tightly. Get medical attention immediately.
EYE CONTACT:
BROMINE:
CORROSIVE.
ACUTE EXPOSURE- Vapors may cause irritation with redness, pain, blurred
vision and burns, lacrimation and photophobia. The liquid may cause burns.
Animals exposed to 180 ppm for 7 hours showed severe irritation with
clouding and ulceration of the cornea. Loss of vision is possible.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Effects depend on concentration and duration of exposure.
Repeated or prolonged contact with corrosive substances may result in
conjunctivitis or effects as in acute exposure.
FIRST AID- Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water, occasionally
lifting upper and lower lids, until no evidence of chemical remains (at
least 15-20 minutes). Continue irrigating with normal saline until the pH
has returned to normal (30-60 minutes). Cover with sterile bandages. Get
medical attention immediately.
INGESTION:
BROMINE:
CORROSIVE.
ACUTE EXPOSURE- May cause burns of the mouth, throat and stomach. Brown
discoloration and corrosion of the tongue and mucous membranes,
sore throat, vomiting, and abdominal spasm may occur. Severe
gastroenteritis with possible ulceration or perforation, prostration and
circulatory collapse may also occur. Dilute solutions may also cause
fatal gastroenteritis.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Mice fed 0.02-0.2 mg/kg for 3 months exhibited increased
blood sugar, decreased cholinesterase and amylaminase activity, alopecia
and behavioral changes. Bromine may be stored in the body as bromides.
If sufficient amounts accumulate, effects of bromism including confusion,
irritability, tremor, memory loss, anorexia, emaciation, headache, slurred
speach, delusions, psychotic behavior, ataxia, stupor and coma may occur.
An acneiform papular eruption of the face and hands may also occur.
FIRST AID- Do not use gastric lavage or emesis. Dilute chemical immediately
by drinking large amounts of water or milk. If vomiting persists,
administer fluids repeatedly. Do not give an unconscious person anything
to drink. Get medical attention.
ANTIDOTE:
No specific antidote. Treat symptomatically and supportively.
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REACTIVITY
REACTIVITY:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures in a closed container. May
react with water producing corrosive hydrobromic acid and fumes of hydrogen
bromide.
INCOMPATIBILITIES:
BROMINE:
ACETALDEHYDE: Possible violent reaction.
ACETONE: Violent reaction.
ACETYLENE: Violent reaction.
ACRYLONITRILE: Violent polymerization.
ALCOHOLS: Incompatible.
ALKALI METAL ACETYLIDES: May ignite.
ALKALIES: Incompatible.
ALKALINE EARTH METAL CARBONATES: Ignition reaction.
ALUMINUM: Violent reaction with dry bromine.
AMINES: Incompatible.
AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS: Violent reaction.
ANTIMONY: May ignite in vapor and react explosively with liquid.
ARSENIC: May ignite or explode.
ARSENATES: May react.
BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction.
BORON: Incompatible.
CALCIUM NITRIDE: Incandescent reaction.
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: Violent reaction.
CESIUM MONOXIDE: Incandescent reaction at ambient temperature.
CESIUM CARBIDE ACETYLENE: May ignite in vapor.
CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE AND OXYGEN: Incompatible.
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS: Fire and explosion hazard.
COPPER: May be corroded.
COPPER ACETYLIDE: May ignite in vapor.
COPPER HYDRIDE: Ignition reaction.
DIETHYL ETHER: Ignition or explosive reaction.
DIETHYL ZINC: Interaction without diluents may produce dangerous explosions.]
Even with diluents (ether), interaction of dialkylzincs and halogens is
initially violent at 0 to -20 C.
N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE: Highly exothermic reaction.
DISILANE: May react explosively.
ETHYLENE: May ignite or explode.
ETHYLPHOSPHINE: Probable explosive reaction.
FERROUS SALTS: May react.
FLUORINE: Ignition at room temperature.
GERMANE: Explosive reaction.
GERMANIUM: May ignite in vapor.
GOLD AND METHANOL: May be corrosive.
HYDROGEN: Explosive reaction.
HYPOPHOSPHITES: Incompatible.
IRON: May be corroded.
IRON CARBIDES: Incompatible.
IRON CARBONATES: Ignition reaction
ISOBUTYROPHENOME AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE: Explosive reaction.
LITHIUM: Forms shock sensitive mixture.
LITHIUM CARBIDE: Burns vigorously.
LITHIUM SILICIDE: Incompatible.
MAGNESIUM PHOSPHIDE: Ignition reaction on heating.
METAL ACETYLIDES AND CARBIDES: May ignite at ambient temperature or on
slight warming.
METAL AZIDES: Possible explosive reaction.
METALS (COMMON): May be corrosive in the presence of moisture.
MERCURY: Violent reaction with dry bromine.
MERCURY SALTS: May react.
METHANE: May ignite or explode.
METHANOL: Intense exothermic reaction.
NICKEL CARBONYL: Explosvie reaction.
NITROGEN TRIIODIDE: Explosive reaction on contact.
OLEFINS: Incompatible.
ORGANIC MATERIALS: Fire and explosion hazard.
OXYGEN DIFLUORIDE: Explosive reaction on warming.
OZONE: Formation of explosive mixture.
PHOSPHINE: Violent reaction or ignition at ambient temperatures.
PHOSPHORUS: Incandescent reaction with gaseous bromine.
PHOSPHORUS (RED): Incandescent reaction with liquid.
PHOSPHORUS (WHITE): Small pieces may ignite or explode.
PALADIUM: May attack.
PLASTICS: May attack.
PLATINUM: May be attacked
POTASSIUM: May ignite in vapor and explode on contact with liquid.
POTASSIUM OXIDE: May react.
POTASSIUM TRIOXIDE: Reacts violently and may ignite with liquid.
PRASEODYMIUM: Explosive reaction.
REDUCERS (STRONG): Vigorous reaction.
RUBBER (NATURAL): Violent reaction.
RUBIDIUM: May ignite in vapor.
RUBIDIUM ACETYLIDE: May ignite.
RUBIDIUM CARBIDE ACETYLENE: Ignition reaction.
SILANE AND HOMOLOGS: Violent reaction.
SILVER AZIDE AND NITROGEN: Forms explosive compound.
SODIUM: Finely divided sodium reacts with luminescence; solid and liquid
may explode upon machanical shock.
SODIUM CARBIDE: Probable explosive reaction.
SODIUM CARBIDE ACETYLENE: Ignition reaction.
SODIUM HYDROXIDE: Violent reaction.
STRONTIUM PHOSPHIDE: May ignite at 170 C.
SULFUR: Hazardous reaction.
TANTALUM AND METHANOL: May be corrosive.
TETRAHYDROFURAN: Vigorous reaction.
TITANIUM: Violent reaction.
TRIFLUOROCHLOROETHYLENE: Incompatible.
TRIMETHYLAMINE: Explosive reaction.
URANIUM DICARBIDE: Reacts with incandesence at 390 C.
URANIUM CARBONATES: May ignite.
ZIRCONIUM CARBONATES: May ignite.
ZIRCONIUM DICARBIDE: Burns in bromine at 300 C.
DECOMPOSITION:
Thermal decomposition products may include corrosive fumes of hydrogen
bromide.
POLYMERIZATION:
Bromine undergoes violent polymerization in reaction with acrylonitrile.
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STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Observe all federal, state and local regulations when storing or disposing
of this substance.
**Storage**
Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from oxidizing
materials (NFPA 49, Hazardous Chemicals Data, 1991).
Consult NFPA publication 43A, Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizing Materials,
for Storage Requirements.
Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ):
The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Section 302 requires
that each facility where any extremely hazardous substance is present in a
quantity equal to or greater than the TPQ established for that substance
notify the state emergency response commission for the state in which it is
located. Section 303 of SARA requires these facilities to participate in local
emergency response planning (40 CFR 355.30).
Store away from incompatible substances.
Keep container tightly closed. Protect from exposure to air or light.
Protect from freezing.
Threshold quantity (TQ): 1500 pounds
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Process Safety
Management (PSM) standard requires that facilities utilizing a process which
involves a chemical at or above its specified threshold quantity comply with
the provisions of 29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management of highly
hazardous chemicals.
**Disposal**
Disposal must be in accordance with standards applicable to generators of
hazardous waste, 40 CFR 262. EPA hazardous waste numbers D001 and D002.
100 pound CERCLA Section 103 Reportable Quantity.
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CONDITIONS TO AVOID
May burn but does not ignite readily. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper,
oil, etc.).
Usual shipping containers:
Quart glass bottles, lead-lined steel, nickel or monel drums to
10-gallon size, and nickel-clad or lead-lined tank cars
(NFPA 49, Hazardous Chemicals Data, 1975).
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SPILL AND LEAK PROCEDURES
OCCUPATIONAL SPILL:
Do not touch spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use
water spray to reduce vapors. For small spills, take up with sand or other
absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. For larger
spills, dike spill for later disposal. Keep unnecessary people away. Isolate
hazard area and deny entry.
Reportable Quantity (RQ): 1 pound
The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Section 304 requires
that a release equal to or greater than the reportable quantity for this
substance be immediately reported to the local emergency planning committee
and the state emergency response commission (40 CFR 355.40). If the release of
this substance is reportable under CERCLA Section 103, the National Response
Center must be notified immediately at (800) 424-8802 or (202) 426-2675 in the
metropolitan Washington, D.C. area (40 CFR 302.6).
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PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
VENTILATION:
Provide local exhaust or process enclosure ventilation to meet published
exposure limits.
RESPIRATOR:The following respirators and maximum use concentrations are
recommendations
by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NIOSH Pocket Guide to
Chemical Hazards; NIOSH criteria documents or by the U.S. Department of
Labor, 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z.
The specific respirator selected must be based on contamination levels found
in the work place, must not exceed the working limits of the respirator and
be jointly approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (NIOSH-MSHA).
BROMINE:
2.5 ppm- Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode.
Any powered, air-purifying respirator with cartridge(s) providing
protection against bromine.*
5 ppm- Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and
cartridge(s) providing protection against bromine.*
Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a
chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection
against bromine.*
Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece.
Any supplied air respirator with a full facepiece.
Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting
facepiece and cartridge(s) providing protection against bromine.*
10 ppm- Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is
operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
Escape- Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a
chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection
against bromine.
Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus.
* Only nonoxidizable sorbents are allowed (not charcoal).
FOR FIREFIGHTING AND OTHER IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH
CONDITIONS:
Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is
operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a
pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an
auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand
or other positive-pressure mode.
CLOTHING:
Employee must wear appropriate protective (impervious) clothing and equipment
to prevent any possibility of skin contact with this substance.
GLOVES:
Employee must wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent contact with this
substance.
EYE PROTECTION:
Employee must wear splash-proof or dust-resistant safety goggles and a
faceshield to prevent contact with this substance.
Emergency wash facilities:
Where there is any possibility that an employee's eyes and/or skin may be
exposed to this substance, the employer should provide an eye wash fountain
and quick drench shower within the immediate work area for emergency use.
AUTHORIZED - FISHER SCIENTIFIC GROUP, INC.
CREATION DATE: 09/17/84 REVISION DATE: 03/03/94
-ADDITIONAL INFORMATION-
THE INFORMATION BELOW IS BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE AND REPRESENTS
THE BEST
INFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO US. HOWEVER, WE MAKE NO
WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH
RESPECT TO
SUCH INFORMATION, AND WE ASSUME NO LIABILITY RESULTING FROM ITS USE.
USERS
SHOULD MAKE THEIR OWN INVESTIGATIONS TO DETERMINE THE SUITABILITY
OF THE
INFORMATION FOR THEIR PARTICULAR PURPOSES.
Limitation of Liability
The Fisher MSDS's provided to you in electronic form were
developed under license from Occupational Health Services, Inc.
Each MSDS was developed to be used only with the corresponding
Fisher Scientific labeled product, and is believed to be accurate
and represents the best information currently available. We
make, however, NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR ANY OTHER
WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, with respect to such information,
and we assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should
make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the
information for their particular purposes. These MSDS's are not
for resale.
